3HAC023195-001

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描述

3HAC023195-001

技巧1——用已知值填充ROM

軟件開(kāi)發(fā)人員往往都是非常樂(lè)觀(guān)的一群人，只要讓他們的代碼忠實(shí)地長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地運(yùn)行就可以了，僅此而已。微控制器跳出應(yīng)用程序空間并在非預(yù)想的代碼空間中執(zhí)行這種情況似乎是相當(dāng)少有的。然而，這種情況發(fā)生的機(jī)會(huì)并不比緩存溢出或錯(cuò)誤指針失去引用少。它確實(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生！發(fā)生這種情況后的系統(tǒng)行為將是不確定的，因?yàn)槟J(rèn)情況下內(nèi)存空間都是0FF，或者由于內(nèi)存區(qū)通常沒(méi)有寫(xiě)過(guò)，其中的值可能只有上帝才知道。

不過(guò)有相當(dāng)完備的linker或IDE技巧可以用來(lái)幫助識(shí)別這樣的事件并從中恢復(fù)系統(tǒng)。技巧就是使用FILL命令對(duì)未用ROM填充已知的位模式。要填充未使用的內(nèi)存，有很多不同的可能組合可以使用，但如果是想建立更加可靠的系統(tǒng)，最明顯的選擇是在這些位置放置ISR fault handler。如果系統(tǒng)出了某些差錯(cuò)，處理器開(kāi)始執(zhí)行程序空間以外的代碼，就會(huì)觸發(fā)ISR，并在決定校正行動(dòng)之前提供儲(chǔ)存處理器、寄存器和系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)的機(jī)會(huì)。

技巧2——檢查應(yīng)用程序的CRC

對(duì)嵌入式工程師來(lái)說(shuō)一個(gè)很大的好處是，我們的IDE和工具鏈可以自動(dòng)產(chǎn)生應(yīng)用程序或內(nèi)存空間校驗(yàn)和（Checksum），從而根據(jù)這個(gè)校驗(yàn)和驗(yàn)證應(yīng)用程序是否完好。有趣的是，在許多這些案例中，只有在將程序代碼加載到設(shè)備時(shí)，才會(huì)用到校驗(yàn)和。

然而，如果CRC或校驗(yàn)和保持在內(nèi)存中，那么驗(yàn)證應(yīng)用程序在啟動(dòng)時(shí)（或甚至對(duì)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間運(yùn)行的系統(tǒng)定期驗(yàn)證）是否仍然完好是確保意外之事不會(huì)發(fā)生的極好途徑?，F(xiàn)在一個(gè)編程過(guò)的應(yīng)用程序發(fā)生改變的概率是很小的，但考慮每年交付的數(shù)十億個(gè)微控制器以及可能惡劣的工作環(huán)境，應(yīng)用程序崩潰的機(jī)會(huì)并不是零。更有可能的是，系統(tǒng)中的一個(gè)缺陷可能導(dǎo)致某一扇區(qū)發(fā)生閃存寫(xiě)入或閃存擦除，從而破壞應(yīng)用程序的完整性。

產(chǎn)品承諾：
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保?證?安全準(zhǔn)時(shí)發(fā)貨，
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優(yōu)勢(shì)價(jià)格，大量現(xiàn)貨。

主營(yíng)DCS系統(tǒng)配件
機(jī)器人系統(tǒng)配件
大型伺服系統(tǒng)配件
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專(zhuān)業(yè)銷(xiāo)售進(jìn)口DCS? PLC系統(tǒng)備件模塊

PLC模塊，可編程控制器，CPU模塊，IO模塊，AI模塊，通訊模塊。AB/施耐德/ABB/GE/本特利/西屋/英維斯/霍尼韋爾/黑馬/FU克斯波羅

15天包退換 一年質(zhì)保 大量現(xiàn)貨? 國(guó)內(nèi)實(shí)力庫(kù)存商家


選擇深圳長(zhǎng)欣，選擇放心，售后無(wú)憂(yōu)大量現(xiàn)貨，當(dāng)天順豐發(fā)貨！
主營(yíng)：本特利，英維思，伍德沃德，?？怂共_、西屋、瑞恩、施耐德莫迪康、ABB、AB、西門(mén)子、摩托羅拉、GE發(fā)那科、安川、博世力士樂(lè)，ACSO，力士樂(lè)等各大品牌的DCS系統(tǒng)配件，機(jī)器人系統(tǒng)配件，大型伺服系統(tǒng)備件。

先介紹幾點(diǎn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
1、先通讀一遍“系統(tǒng)手冊(cè)”（不管能不能看懂，先了解個(gè)大概，以便學(xué)習(xí)編程時(shí)查找）；
2、由位控邏輯入手，逐漸增加定時(shí)、計(jì)數(shù)等條件，把或、與、非關(guān)系理順；
3、進(jìn)而練習(xí)整數(shù)運(yùn)算、實(shí)數(shù)運(yùn)算、類(lèi)型轉(zhuǎn)換；
4、量程轉(zhuǎn)換、PID調(diào)節(jié)回路的建立及P、I、D參數(shù)的理解（最好是有個(gè)物理回路驗(yàn)證，比如變頻器+電機(jī)+測(cè)速傳感器）；
5、循環(huán)、順序、跳轉(zhuǎn)等程序控制（盡量避免跳轉(zhuǎn)，非跳不可時(shí)也是跳的越近越好）；
6、中斷、通訊、位置控制....

本人以ABB工業(yè)機(jī)器人配件DSQC系列和Motorola MVME系列，GE 卡件 模塊 驅(qū)動(dòng)器系列為主攻。各位電工朋友可根據(jù)自己的條件選擇適合自己的PLC品牌，由于PLC的基本框架大同小異，學(xué)會(huì)一種至于其它的學(xué)習(xí)起來(lái)也就簡(jiǎn)單了。

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